knowledge article
How Often Should Emergency Lights Be Tested?
A functional test checks whether the emergency lighting operates when its normal supply is interrupted using the system's intended test arrangement. It is a short check, not evidence that the battery will support the full required operating duration.
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Overview
A duration test checks operation for the system's rated emergency duration. This uses stored battery capacity and requires planning for recharge afterwards. System indicator checks, visual observations and automated test records also have a place in the programme, depending on the installation.
Do not substitute one type of check for another. A light that comes on initially can still fail before the required duration has elapsed. Equally, an automatic system's successful result does not establish that an exit sign is visible or that a fitting has been obstructed by a changed layout.
Establish the premises schedule
Identify the fittings, test arrangements, battery system and available commissioning information. Separate self-contained luminaires from any centrally supplied equipment so the maintenance instructions address the actual installation.
Ask the competent maintainer to record the applicable test frequencies and duration, the basis for them and who performs each task. The government's fire safety guidance for offices and shops explains emergency lighting within the wider fire safety assessment. Use guidance appropriate to the premises type when setting its arrangements.
Review the programme after a change of layout, system alteration or recurring failure. A new partition or relocated exit can change what the lighting needs to support even though the old test schedule remains unchanged.
Plan testing around building use
Choose timing that allows the system to recover before it is relied on again. Consider evening occupation, sleeping accommodation, shifts and areas without natural light. Agree the operational arrangements before starting a duration test rather than discovering an occupancy conflict after batteries have been discharged.
Testing and any electrical investigation must use competent people and the correct controls. Occupants should report failed or damaged fittings without opening equipment or improvising a test by disconnecting wiring.
Keep a record that leads to repair
Record the date, fitting or system reference, test type, duration where applicable, result and person completing it. Log failures separately with the action, owner and completion evidence. Record any temporary fire safety arrangements through the responsible person while defects are addressed.
Frequently asked questions
Is a brief test enough to check battery capacity?
No. A functional test confirms initial operation. The duration test checks operation over the specified period.
Do automatic tests remove all manual checks?
No. Results still need review and action. Physical condition, visibility and changes around the fittings also need attention.
What should happen after a failed test?
Record the affected equipment, notify the responsible person and arrange assessment and repair. Consider how the failure affects escape arrangements until it is resolved.